Woodworking machine



May 17 1927. Y 1,628,724

l F. HOFFMAN woonwoaxrus mamme:

Filed Sept. 23. 1925 j iin.; d y

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Patented May 17, 1927.

FRANK HQFFMAN, 0F

BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

WOOD'WOBKIN G MACHINE.

Application filed September This invention relates to woodworkin machines of the Shaper type which are usen for the purposes ot' cutting rabbets, grooves, or recesses in wood or the like.

`An object of the invention is to provide an improved woodworking machine of the shaper `type which may be employed for cutting grooves in dierent widths of pieces without adjustment. or changes in the machines within certain limits, with which a maximum number `of different widths ot' strips may be worked upon without changes in any adjustments andwhich will be relatively simple, etfective and inexpensive. u Objects of this `invention are to provide cutter head tori use on machines of` the kind describedahlld whichis provided with apart for suppertng the cutters or knives, and with anqtlier `part which serves to guide thawork `whichis@beingcut; also to provide a. cutter head ot' `this kind vwhich may be used, wither against the grain and which maybe used without guides or jacks on the table ofthe machine so that a Single cutter head may be employed for cutting rabbets or the like, regardless of whether `the work iscurved or straight, and regardless of the direction ot the grain `in the work; also to improve the construction of cutter heads in other respects hereinafter specified.

In the accompanying drawings,

Fig. l vis a top plan view of a cutter head, showing the same arran ed above the table of a woodworking` mac ine.

l Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation thereof on line 2-2, Fig. l.

liig. 3 is a fragmentary Section thereof on line 3-3, Fig. l. p

Woodworking machines of the Shaper type are ordinarily rovided with a pair of vertical arbol-s or s afts revolving in opposite directions and each of these arbore.. carries a plurality of cutters arranged on edge and which are clamped between groovcd plates or disks. The tables of Such woodworking machines are also provided with a number of guides or jacks by means of which the work to be cut is held in correct relationto the cutter heads, and when an operative is working on a piece of wood ou a table ot this kind, it is necessary to carefully watch the grain and if the grain changes it is necessary to change the Work `trom one cutter head to the other so that the cut" is always made with the grain as 23, 1925. Serial No. 58,073.

otherwise the cutters will tear into the wood and spoil the work because there is no part associated with the cutters to limit the depth ot cut, and the continuous, relatively broad edges olf the knives dig deeply into the wood when working against the rain. By means ot my invention the nee heads revolving in opposite directions is eliminated and also the Guides or jacks usually employed for holdlng the work in correct relation to the cutter heads can be eliminated.

The accom panying drawings show, by way of example, one embodiment of my invention, and Show a portion of a table A of a wmnlworking or shapin machine as now commonly used, which tale is provided with the usual circular aperture or hole a therein, Fig. 2, in which the cutter head operates, and li represents. the usual arbor or upright shalt on which the cutter head may bc mounted. All of these parts have heretofore been `employed in connection with woodworking machines of the kind specified and of themselves constitute no part of my i n vention.

My improved Shaper cutter head includes a substantially disk shaped face or radial portion U provided with a central hub c havinfr a bore through which a part of the arbor-:ll may extend and the cutter head may be clamped on the arbor in any suitable or desired manner. ln the particular construction shown a collar 'b is provided which fits against a shouldered portion of the arbor B and engages the lower end of the hub c of the cutter head, and another collar b is arranged above the cutter head. A nut b2 may engage the threaded upper end of the arbor B and thus clamp the cutter head in place on the arbor, a sleeve bf being inserted between the nut b2 and the collar L in the construction shown. Any other means may, however, be provided tor securing the cutter head on the arbor B.

'lhe `face portion C ot the cutter head terminates in an annular, downwardly extending iiange l), which may lit into the hole or aperture c in the table A oi' the woodworking machine, and the outer surface of which is substantially Smooth and unbroken, and may be polished, and serves as a guide for the work X, Fig. l, as will be hereinafter more l'ully explained.

The knives or cutters are mounted on the for two cutter ci? which are sufi' Sii a" PO cutter head in such a manner as to extend outwardly beyond the outer flange D, and in the particular construction illustrated, the upper tace C ci? the cutter head is con` Anoted so as to support the cutting lrnives or tools thereon, and fi, this purpose the uppc ace of the plate C of the cutter hea d is p ovided with a pturaity of ribs or proliections lil enti-aiding. above the ysurface of the plate t) and against each of which an ai et a cut-tt'- nite niay be pla-ced. Hirn; inav be held in place ltter .head by any suitable ineens',

belts t?, `|the lower ends y secured in the cutter head and thenppet ends oi Wliieh are provided with nuts gwvhich nay be clamped lthe upper tace oi the cuttersor .lilach belt, in the` construction a longitudinal slot F, which' makes it nivcs or lcutters F ssible to adjust f Y invention, those nple and reliable L the cutters to be .1nd replaced by other critters, and to prcidncc the` desired depth oi y, with very little loss of time.

Ehe cntt li are ot' the saw toothed type, having a ilurality of teeth or cutting edges 7",..the points oit V'which are disposed concentrically with reference to the anis of the cutter head. Such cutter' can be used in cutting either Vwith or against the grain of the `wood or. otl er nalierial being cnt tor the reason that the ends oi the teeth of each cutterk will sncccssiv l bite into the Wood, nndzing only relatively small cuts. in the use oi' this inachine il'. will be understood that the arbor l n'iay be raised or lowered to position- 'the knives or cutters F at 'the desired elevation above the table.Y 'lf he work X is then. placed on the table andl pressed against the outer' face ci the smooth flange D of the cutter head, and the Worl nray ne.

rroved lei gthwiseaiong the table and rela tively tot e "i: 'e et lhe'cutter head ""0 `until the desired cut has been inade. hurtherniorc, with a cutter head o'i this kind used on shaping machine, a nuniber of spaced or di'lerent cuts inay be itorrned at dili'erent places along a piece of Work, by moving the ivorkrinto and out ol' engageinent with the flange D as the work is advanced past the cutter head. in the particular construction shown in the drawings,

l: Le

a pin or roller H is shown on Fig. l, which niay be inserted in anyone oit the series of holes fz, in the talle and against which the bach' of the Work X may be pressed so that the Work can 1oe pressed against the tlangc Dr of the cutter head with better leverage.

The Work can then be inoved lengthwise relatively to the cutter to have the desired cutting operation performed thereon regardless ot' Whether the cut is being inade with or against the grain. lonsequently only one cutter head is required, and any work may be out, regardless ot its shape or curvature, and the use et' guides i'or holding the work rcla tively to the cutter is elimina ted. The depth 0i2 the cut may be readily controlled by adjustiinT the knives F toward and from the anis or the mandrel, and the width of the ent can be controlled either by raising or lowering` the mandrel, so that a wider cut can be niade by nioving the work past. the cutter two or niore tirnes, or if desired wider cutters or knives F niay be employed. The shape of the knives F may, of course, be varied to suit the cut desired. The critter headdcscribedis particularly desirable for use on work having various kinds of curves, since the cutter head can beV used effectively on any kind ot curves excepting concave curves of a smaller radius of curvature than that of the cutter head itself, whereas with Shaper machines heretofore made employing jacks or guides for holding the work in correct relation to the cutter head, the cuttin of irregular curved edges was extremely dii: icult and in niany cases impossible. Since no attention need he paid to the grain ot the wood, satisfactory work can be accomplished by inexperienced mechanics, and. the speed of operations on Work is greatly increased by nieans oi' my iniproved cutter' head since all oi' the worli can be done on one cutter head, thus eliminating the time heretofore required in changing over troni one cutter head to another.

The cutter head described also has the advantage that it can be easily set up or assembled for'the particular work to be done. It the cutters or knives are to be renioved and replaced by others, it is only necessary to reniove the units (7 from the bolts G, then to reinove the cutters and place the others in position, the depth of the cut to be made being controlled by the distance to which the cutters or knives extend beyond the flange D.

.I clairn as iny invention l. it cutter head itor shapcr inacl'iines having a radially extending .lace portion, au annular peripheral ilange extending around said tace portion, a plurality o'tl ribs extending upwardly troni said lace portion and iiorniing stops, .saw toothed cutters adapted 'to be secured to said face portion and arranged against said stops with their' saw toothed portions projecting beyond said llange, and adjustable securing means for holding said cutters against said stops and l'or positioning said cutters for determining the depth ol the cut to be made by the ex? tent to which said cutters project lieyond lll lll)

Lesen saidA flange, said flange forming a smooth, continuons guiding surface against which the work to be cut is pressed.

2. A cutter head for Shaper machines having a radially `extending face portion, an annular peripheral flange extending around said face portion, saw toothed cutters adapted to be secured t0 said face portion with their saw toothed portions projecting beyond said flange, substantially radially extendling stops on said radially extending face portion a einst which a side of each cutter is adapte to bear, and adjustable securin means for holdin said cutters against sai stops for positioning said cutters for determining the depth of the cut to be made by the extent to which said cutters project beyoud said flange, said flange forming,r a smooth continuons guidinfr surface agamst which the Work to be cut 1s pressed.

FRANK HOFFMAN. 

